Resumen
El síndrome Clínico Aislado (SCA) denota al primer síntoma neurológico sugestivo de esclerosis múltiple (EM), de por lo menos 24 horas de duración; en ausencia de fiebre, procesos infecciosos y encefalopatía. Se caracteriza por su presentación frecuente en adultos jóvenes y afecta al nervio óptico, hemisferios cerebrales, tronco encefálico o médula espinal. La estratificación temprana del SCA es indispensable ya que con herramientas predictoras clínicas, radiológicas y biológicas, se puede establecer el riesgo de conversión a EM. El uso de terapias modificadoras de la enfermedad (TME) en el primer evento desmielinizante, ha demostrado retrasar la conversión de SCA a esclerosis múltiple en un 44 a 50 %. Sin embargo, no todos los pacientes con SCA evolucionarán a EM, por lo que el estudio de diversos marcadores prónosticos permitirá reconocer el escenario ideal donde los pacientes se beneficien del inicio temprano de TME.
Citas
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