Resumen
Objetivo: determinar si existe evidencia científica que avale la efectividad de la estimulación térmica (ET) en la recuperación de la función motora, cuando se adiciona a un tratamiento convencional en pacientes pos accidente cerebrovascular (ACV). Estratégia de búsqueda: se incluyeron en la búsqueda estudios clínicos aleatorizados, las bases de datos usadas fueron: Medline, PEDro, Lilacs, Central, Cinahl y Rehabilitation & Sport Medicine Source. Selección de estudios: se seleccionaron cinco artículos que cumplían con nuestros criterios de elegibilidad y se evaluó el riesgo de sesgo según el método de Cochrane. Síntesis de resultados: todos los estudios muestran que la ET en combinación a un programa de rehabilitación física mejora significativamente (p<0,05) a corto plazo el movimiento y función. Conclusión: en pacientes con ACV agudo moderado a severo, existe evidencia a corto plazo que adicionar ET a un programa de rehabilitación física convencional facilita la recuperación motora comparado con un programa de visita.
Citas
World Health Organization. The global burden of disease: 2004 update part 2. Available at: http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/2004_report_update/en/index.html Accessed at 20 August 2015.
Mendis S. Stroke disability and rehabilitation of stroke: World Health Organization perspective. Int J Stroke 2013;8(1):3-4.
Langhorne P, Coupar F, Pollock A. Motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review. Lancet Neurology. 2009; 8(8):741-54.
Wade D. Measurement in neurological rehabilitation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.
Hendricks HT, van Limbeek J, Geurts AC, Zwarts MJ. Motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review on the literature. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;83(11):1629-37.
Kwakkel G, Kollen BJ, Van der Grond J, Prevo AJ. Probability of regaining dexterity in the flaccid upper limb: impact of severity of paresis and time since onset in acute stroke. Stroke 2003;34(9):2181-6.
Hier D, Edelstein G. Deriving clinical prediction rules from stroke outcomes research. Stroke 1991;22(11):1431-6.
Dombovy M, Sandok B, Basford J. Rehabilitation for stoke: a review Stroke.1986;17(3): 363-9.
Jorgensen HS, Nakayama H, Raaschou HO, Olsen TS. Recovery of walking function in stroke patients: the Copenhagen Stroke Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1995;76(1):27-32.
Ottawa Panel, Khadilkar A, Phillips K, Jean N, Lamothe C, Milne S, Sarnecka J. Ottawa panel evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for post-stroke rehabilitation. Top Stroke Rehabil.2006;13(2):1-269.
Pollock A, Baer G, Campbell P, Choo PL, Foster A, Morris J et al. Physical rehabilitation approaches for the recovery on function and mobility following stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014; 22:4:CD001920.
Van Peppen RP, Kwakkel G, Wood-Dauphinee S, Hendriks HJ, Van der Wees PJ, Dekker J. The impact of physical therapy on functional outcomes after stroke: what's the evidence? Clin Rehabil. 2004;18(8):833-62.
Pollock A, Baer G, Langhome P, Pomeroy V. Physiotherapy treatment approaches for the recovery of postural and lower limb function following stroke: a systematic review. Clin Rehabil. 2007;21(5):395-410.
Veerbeek JM, van Wegen E, van Peppen R, van der Wees PJ, Hendriks E, Rietberg M, et al. What is the evidence for physical therapy post stroke? A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS One.2014;9(2):e87987.
Dobkin BH. Strategies for stroke rehabilitation. Lancet Neurol.2004;3(9):528-36.
Jette DU, Latham NK, Smout RJ, Gassaway J, Slavin MD, Horn SD. Physical therapy interventions for patients with stroke in inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Phys Ther. 2005; 85(3):238-48.
Chen JC, Shaw FZ. Progress in sensorimotor rehabilitative physical therapy programs for stroke patients. World J Clin Cases.2014;2(8):316-26.
Chen JC, Shaw FZ. Recent progress in physical therapy of the upper-limb rehabilitation after stroke: emphasis on thermal intervention. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2006;21(6):469-73.
Tai I, Lai CL, Hsu MJ, Lin RT, Huang MH, Lin CL, et al. Effect of thermal stimulation on corticomotor excitability in patients with stroke. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;93(9):801-8.
Treede RD, Kenshalo DR, Gracely RH, Jones AK. The cortical representation of pain. Pain. 1999;79(2-3):105-11.
Treede RD, Apkarian AV, Bromm B, Greenpan JD, Lenz FA. Cortical representation of pain: functional characterization of nociceptive areas near the lateral sulcus. Pain.2000; 87(2):113-9.
Tracey I, Becerra L, Chang I, Breiter H, Jenkins L, Borsook D et al. Noxious hot and cold stimulation produce common pattern of brain activation in human: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neurosci Lett. 2000;288(2):159-62.
Chen JI, Ha B, Bushnell MC, Pike B, Duncan GH. Differentiating noxious- and innocuous-related activation of human somatosensory cortices using temporal analysis of fMRI. J Neurophysiol 2002; 88(1):464-74.
Kwan CL, Crawley AP, Mikulis DJ, Davis KD. An fMRI study of the anterior cingulate cortex and surrounding medial wall activations evoked by noxious cutaneous heat and cold stimuli. Pain 2000;85(3):359-74.
Helmchen C, Mohr C, Erdmann C, Petersen D, Nitschke MF. Differential cerebellar activation related to perceived pain intensity during noxious thermal stimulation in humans: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neurosci Lett.2003;335(3):202-6.
Davis KD, Kwan CL, Crawley AP, Mikulis DJ. Functional MRI study of thalamic and cortical activations evoked by cutaneous heat, cold, and tactile stimuli. J Neurophysiol.1998; 80(3) :1533-46.
Gelnar PA, Krauss BR, Sheehe PR, Szeverenyi NM, Apkarian AV. A comparative fMRI study of cortical representations for thermal painful, vibrotactile and motor performance tasks. NeuroImage.1999;10(4):460-82.
Brooks JC, Nurmikko TJ, Bimson WE, Singh KD, Roberts N. fMRI of thermal pain: effects of stimulus laterality and attention. Neuroimage. 2002;15(2):293-301.
Urrutia G, Bonfill X. PRISMA declaration: A proposal to improve the publication of systematic reviews and metaanalyses. Med Clin. 2010;135(11):507-11.
Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 [actualizado Marzo 2011]. The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. [Consultado 18 Agosto 2016]. Disponible en: www.cochrane-handbook.org.
Hsu HW, Lee CL, Hsu MJ, Wu HC, Lin R, Hsieh CL, et al. Effects of noxious versus innocuous thermal stimulation on lower extremity motor recovery 3 months after stroke Phys Med Rehabil. 2013;94(4):633-41.
Liang CC, Hsieh TC, Lin CH, Wei YC, Hsiao J, Chen JC. Effectiveness of thermal stimulation for the moderately to severely paretic leg after stroke: Serial changes at one-year follow-up. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;93(11):1903-10.
Chen JC, Lin CH, Wei YC, Hsiao J, Liang CC. Facilitation of motor and balance recovery by thermal intervention for the paretic lower limb of acute stroke: a single-blind randomized clinical trial. Clin Rehabil. 2011;25(9):823-32.
Wu HC, Lin YC, Hsu MJ, Liu SM, Hsieh CL, Lin JH. Effect of Thermal Stimulation on Upper Extremity Motor Recovery 3 Months After stroke. Stroke. 2010;41(10):2378-80.
Chen JC, Liang CC, Shaw FZ. Facilitation of Sensory and Motor Recovery by Thermal Intervention for the Hemiplegic Upper Limb in Acute Stroke Patients: A Single-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. Stroke. 2005;36(12):2665-9.
Tai J, Wu YT, Lee S, Lai CL, Hsu MJ, Lin JH. Immediate effect of thermal stimulation on cortical excitability in stroke patients: a pilot study. Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2010;29(Suppl 2):248.
Moniruzzaman M, Salek KM, Shakoor MA, Mia BA, Moyeenuzzaman M. Effects of therapeutic modalities on patients with poststroke shoulder pain. Mymensingh Med J. 2010; 19(1):48-53.
Lim KB, Lee HJ, Lim SS, Choi YI. Neuromuscular electrical and thermal-tactil stimulation for dysphagia caused by stroke: a randomized controlled trial. J Rehabil Med. 2009;41(3): 174-8.
Freed ML, Freed L, Chatburn RL, Christian M. Electrical stimulation for swallowing disorders caused by stroke. Respiratory Care.2001;46(5):466-74.
Sawaki L, Wu CW, Kaelin-Lang A, Cohen LG. Effects of somatosensory stimulation on use-dependent plasticity in chronic stroke. Stroke.2006;7(1):246-7.
Johansson BB. Brain plasticity and stroke rehabilitation. The Willis lecture. Stroke. 2000; 31(1):223-30.
Schaechter JD, van Oers CA, Groisser BN, Salles SS, Vangel MG, Moore CI et al. Increase in sensorimotor cortex response to somatosensory stimulation over subacute poststroke period correlates with motor recovery in hemiparetic patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2012;26(4):325-34.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.