Abstract
Introduction: Methanol Intoxication (MI) is not unusual in Colombia. The clinical presentation is protean, often with neurologic and optic nerve damage. Morbimortality can be diminished with a timely diagnosis and treatment.
Materials and methods: A non-systematic literature review of the epidemiology, toxicokinetics, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of MI was carried out.
Results: MI correspond to 1.1% of all poisonings in Colombia. Knowledge of methanol metabolism, toxic effects of its metabolites, and main clinical manifestations facilitates diagnosis and specific drug treatment. Fomepizol and erythropoietin (EPO) are drugs that reduce tissue damage in MI. One in five patients with MI die, and up to 40% have neurologic sequala.
Discussion and conclusions: In Colombia, methanol intoxication (MI) is common. The accumulation of toxic metabolites leads to acidemia and neurotoxicity; however, its consequences can be mitigated through early diagnosis and the implementation of measures that inhibit methanol metabolism and accelerate the elimination of methanol and its metabolites. EPO (erythropoietin) emerges as an alternative to improve the visual prognosis of patients.
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