Autismo

Abstract

Autistic disorder includes a heterogeneous group of children with behavioral, social, cognitive and communication deficiencies, they present a restricted fan of interests and repetitive activities. It is a biological development disorder, commonest in boys (4:1), who start clinically before three years old. The incidence considered in 4-5/10.000. The 70-75 percent has a smaller IQ of 70 and 25-35 percent undergoes convulsions. The clinical outcome in the autistic disorder is variable, but with a significant tendency towards an unfavorable prognosis. Although there are diverse types of anatomical abnormalities in the central nervous system of these patients, the underlying defect is a diffuse abnormality of the dendritic architecture. Cognition and language have the greater prognostic meaning. The pedagogical intervention in these children must be early, focused in develop new abilities and to reduce behavior problems. Only a handful of therapeutic programs have had reliable results. Such program must be integral and directed to the difficulties with the learning of diary abilities, appropriate social behavior and communication. Diverse drugs maight help with specific symptoms. The family of the patient must be well informed about the nature of the upheaval and must collaborate closely in its handling.