Abstract
Introduction: migraine and major depressive disorder are associated, cigarette smoking is also related to major depressive disorder. However, little information is available about the association between migraine and cigarette smoking.
Objective: to determine the association between migraine and cigarette smoking among university students from Bucaramanga, Colombia.
Material and methods: cross sectional study was carried out. Cigarette smoking was compared in 125 students, 94 females, with migraine, 51.2% with aura (mean age 21.6 years, 26.4% had a history of major depressive episode); and a control group of 157 students (51 females and 106 males) without migraine (mean age 20.8 years, 17.2% with a history of a major depressive episode). For both female and males, no differences were found among cases and controls according the age, the history of a major depressive episode and the reporting of aura episodes. Migraine was diagnosed according International Headache Classification. History of major depressive episode was established with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV axis I diagnosis. Current smoker was who smoked everyday during the last month. Logistic regression was applied to control confounding variables.
Results: among females, the prevalence of cigarette smoking was 2.1% among the case students and 13.2% in the control students (OR=0.13, 95% CI 0.03-0.68). In males, the prevalence of cigarette smoking was 19.4% in the cases and 24.7% in the controls (OR=0.73, 95% CI 0.26-2.01). However, both female and male cases smoked more cigarettes per day than controls (8.4 versus 4.6, p=0.009).
Conclusions: migraine seems to be a protective factor for cigarette smoking among females. Nevertheless the study design do not allow stablish causal relationship between them.
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