Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica or Devic syndrome is a severe demyelinating syndrome. This entity although of low prevalence represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, especially at the moment of differentiation with multiple sclerosis. With the discovery of aquaporin-4 specific serum autoantibody, in the pathophysiology of this syndrome, we have expanded the tools to make a diagnosis with greater certainty and identify options for treatment. Here is an update of the literature regarding its role in the diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica.
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