References
Wingerchuk, D. M., et al. The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurol. 2007; 6(9):805-815.
Papadopoulos, M. C. and A. S. Verkman. Aquaporin water channels in the nervous system. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013;4(4): 265-277.
Tradtrantip, L., et al. Anti-aquaporin-4 monoclonal antibody blocker therapy for neuromyelitis optica. Ann Neurol. 2012; 71(3): 314-322.
Lennon, V. A., et al. A serum autoantibody marker of neuromyelitis optica: distinction from multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 2004;364(9451): 2106-2112.
Lucchinetti, C. F., et al. The pathology of an autoimmune astrocytopathy: lessons learned from neuromyelitis optica. Brain Pathol. 2014; 24(1): 83-97.
Jimenez I, Uribe CS. Neuromielitis optica. Acta med colomb.1983, 8(4):214-16.
Marignier, R., et al. Aquaporin-4 antibody-negative neuromyelitis optica: distinct assay sensitivity-dependent entity. Neurology. 2013; 80(24): 2194-2200.
Jiao, Y., et al. Updated estimate of AQP4-IgG serostatus and disability outcome in neuromyelitis optica. Neurology. 2013; 81(14): 1197-1204.
Yan Y, Li Y, Fu Y, Yang L, Su L, Shi K, Li M, Liu Q, Borazanci A, Liu Y, et al. Autoantibody to MOG suggests two distinct clinical subtypes of NMOSD. Sci China Life Sci. 2016. doi:10.1007/ s11427-015-4997-y.
McKeon, A., et al. CSF complements serum for evaluating paraneoplastic antibodies and NMO-IgG. Neurology. 2011; 76(12):1108-1110.
Kitley, J., et al. Methotrexate is an alternative to azathioprine in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders with aquaporin-4 antibodies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013; 84(8): 918-921.
Jarius, S., et al. Cerebrospinal fluid findings in aquaporin-4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica: results from 211 lumbar punctures. J Neurol Sci. 2011;306(1-2): 82-90.
Wingerchuk, D. M., et al. The clinical course of neuromyelitis optica (Devic's syndrome). Neurology. 1999;53(5):1107-1114.
Takano, R., et al. Astrocytic damage is far more severe than demyelination in NMO: a clinical CSF biomarker study. Neurology, 2010;75(3): 208-216.
Chihara, N., et al. Interleukin 6 signaling promotes antiaquaporin 4 autoantibody production from plasmablasts in neuromyelitis optica. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(9): 3701-3706.
Uzawa, A., et al. Markedly increased CSF interleukin-6 levels in neuromyelitis optica, but not in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol. 2009;256(12): 2082-2084.
Cassinotto, C., et al. MRI of the spinal cord in neuromyelitis optica and recurrent longitudinal extensive myelitis. J Neuroradiol. 2009;36(4): 199-205.
Flanagan, E. P., et al. Short myelitis lesions in aquaporin-4-IgGpositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. JAMA Neurol. 2015;72(1): 81-87.
Weinshenker, B. G., et al. Neuromyelitis optica IgG predicts relapse after longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis. Ann Neurol. 2006;59(3): 566-569.
Jarius, S., et al. Frequency and prognostic impact of antibodies to aquaporin-4 in patients with optic neuritis. J Neurol Sci. 2010;298(1-2): 158-162.
Petzold, A., et al. Neuromyelitis optica-IgG (aquaporin-4) autoantibodies in immune mediated optic neuritis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010; 81(1): 109-111.
Matiello, M., et al. NMO-IgG predicts the outcome of recurrent optic neuritis. Neurology. 2008;70(23): 2197-2200.
Jiménez, JA. Anti-Aquaporin-4 Titer Is Not Predictive of Disease Course in Neuromyelitis Optica. ECTRIMS; 2016. Poster 1601.
Mealy, M. A., et al. Longitudinally extensive optic neuritis as an MRI biomarker distinguishes neuromyelitis optica from multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci. 2015;355(1-2): 59-63.
Kuroiwa, Y., et al. Nationwide survey of multiple sclerosis in Japan. Clinical analysis of 1,084 cases. Neurology. 1975; 25(9): 845-851.
Sahraian, M. A., et al. Neuromyelitis optica: clinical manifestations and neuroimaging features. Neurol Clin. 2013;31(1): 139-152.
Makino, T. Diffuse and heterogeneous T2-hyperintense lesions in the splenium are characteristic of neuromyelitis optica. Mult Scler. 2013;19(3): 308-315.
Yonezu, T., et al. Bright spotty lesions on spinal magnetic resonance imaging differentiate neuromyelitis optica from multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2014;20(3): 331-337.
Sotirchos, E. S., et al. In vivo identification of morphologic retinal abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica. Neurology. 2013;80(15): 1406-1414.
Waters, P. J., et al. Serologic diagnosis of NMO: a multicenter comparison of aquaporin-4-IgG assays. Neurology. 2012;78(9): 665-671.
Jarius, S., et al. Testing for antibodies to human aquaporin-4 by ELISA: sensitivity, specificity, and direct comparison with immunohistochemistry. J Neurol Sci. 2012;320(1-2): 32-37.
Pittock, S. J., et al. Seroprevalence of aquaporin-4-IgG in a northern California population representative cohort o
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.