Abstract
Introduction. Dementia causes functional disability, and there is little information on disease progression by gender differences. This research determines the extent of functional compromise, by gender, in instrumental activities of daily living in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease
Material and Methods. An expert panel carried out the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease in 323 patients by the NINCS-ADRDA criteria. Standardized tests as Minimental (MMS) and memory complaint were performed. The functionality was explored by Lawton scale, and its severity was assesed by global deterioration scale of Reisberg (EGARA). Nonparametric analysis were conducted in not normally distributed groups, with a statistically level of p <0.05. The first analysis for description and characterization examined the demographics dates using Kruskal Wallis test, multiple comparisons were done by Dunnet test.
Results. Differences in MMS (p<0.01) and IADL (p<0.05) were found. Female functionality was better before onset of miAD with a significant difference (p = 0.001) in IADL, as well as selective items differences in IADL.
Conclusions. All groups had committed the AIVD and patients with MEA lost more functionality. Women were more autonomous before the establishment of dementia. The disease in women caused a more rapid loss of auto- nomy in the mild stages. These results emphasize the differences between specific functional activities and gender
References
CUMMINGS JL, BENSON DF. In: Dementia A clinical approach. Cummings JL and Benson DF eds; Butterworth – Heinemann 2nd Ed. 2001:1-2.
SOUDER E, BECK C. Overview of Alzheimer’s disease. Nurs Clin North Am. 2004;39:545-59.
BACHMAN DL, WOLF PA, LINN R, ET AL. Prev- alence of dementia and probable senile dementia of the Alzheimer type in the Framingham study. Neurol- ogy. 1992: 115-119.
DE PEDRO-CUESTA J, VIRUÉS-ORTEGA J, VEGA S, SEIJO-MARTÍNEZ M, SAZ P, RODRÍ- GUEZ F, RODRÍGUEZ-LASO A, REÑÉ R, ET AL.. Prevalence of dementia and major dementia subtypes in Spanish populations: a reanalysis of dementia prevalence surveys, 1990-2008. BMC Neurol. 2009; 19;9:55.
DICKSON DW. Neuropathology of Alzheimer’s Disease. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine. 2001; 17: 209-228.
SALMON DP, LANGE KL. Cognitive screen- ing and neuropsychological Assessment in Early Alzheimer’s Disease. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine. 2001;17: 229-254.
MCKHANN G, DRACHMAN D, FOLSTEIN M, ET AL. Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease: Report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of department of health and human services task force on Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology. 1984: 939-944.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders revised. 4de edition. Washington D.C. American Psychiatric Asso- ciation, 1994.
LAWTON MP, BRODY EM. Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist 1969;9:179–186.
GÓMEZ JF, CURCIO CL. Valoración Integral de la Salud del Anciano. Manizales: Artes gráficas Tizan; 2002:226-240.
LECHOWSKI L, VAN PRADELLES S, LE CRANE M, D’ARAILH L, TORTRAT D, TEILLET L, VELLAS B. Patterns of Loss of Basic Activities of Daily Living in Alzheimer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study of the French REAL Cohort. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2010;29:46-54.
MOSS S, PATEL P. Dementia in older people with intellectual disability: symptoms of physical and mental illness, and levels of adaptive behavior. J Intel- lect Disabil Res 1997;41:60–69.
LECHOWSKI L, DE STAMPA M, TORTRAT D, TEILLET L, BENOIT M, ROBERT PH, VELLAS B; REAL. FR GROUP. Predictive factors of rate of loss of autonomy in Alzheimer’s disease patients. A prospective study of the REAL.FR. Cohort. J Nutr Health Aging. 2005;9:100-4.
OLAZARAN J, MOURONTE P, BERMEJO F. Clinical validity of two scales of instrumental activi- ties in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology. 2005;20:395- 401.
SAUVAGET C, YAMADA M, FUJIWARA S, SASAKI H, MIMORI Y. Dementia as a predictor of functional disability: A four-year follow-up study. Gerontology 2002; 48:226-233.
FOLSTEIN MF, FOLSTEIN SE, MCHUGH PR. Mini-mental State, a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 1975:189-198.
REISBERG, B.; FERRIS, S.H.; DE LEON, M.J. The global deterioration scale for assessment of pri- mary degenerative dementia. Am J. Psychiatry. 1982; 139:1136-1139.
KURZ X, SCUVEE-MOREAU J, RIVE B, DRESSE A. A new approach to the qualitative evaluation of functional disability in dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychia- try 2003;18:1050-5.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.